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Zdanění emisí potravinářské výroby
Funková, Dominika
The food industry accounts for approximately 30% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, yet this sector has so far not been included in the emissions allowance system. The goal of this thesis is to evaluate the effects of hypothetical taxation on greenhouse gas emissions in the food industry. The thesis is based on consumption data and consumer prices of 20 selected foods over a 10-year period in the Czech Republic. The hypothetical amount of the tax is set at EUR 53.51 per ton of CO2 equivalent. The outcome of the thesis research indicates that any of the 6 proposed tax scenarios can have a positive impact on the environment. Emissions originating from food could be reduced by up to 25%, depending on the chosen tax scenario.
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Možnosti offsetování uhlíkových emisí
Martináková, Michaela
The bachelor thesis deals with a form of carbon offsetting. It explains the importance and possibilities of offsetting through the use of offset projects. The thesis uses an example to show what criteria such an offset project follows at the regional level and what requirements it must meet. The paper summarizes a list of positive and negative opinions that result from the use of this method of carbon offsetting. Finally, it presents the reasons why offsetting at the regional level should be promoted through cooperation between companies that have the financial means to finance the project and municipalities that offer the territory for its implementation.
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Business Environmental Management
Horská, Věra ; Kocmanová, Alena (referee) ; Pavláková Dočekalová, Marie (advisor)
The thesis focuses on environmental management and carbon footprint of the selected company. It specifies the theoretical requirements related to environmental management and the ISO 14 001 standard, along with theoretical concepts related to carbon footprint. It includes an analysis of the environmental system in place and a calculation of the overall carbon footprint of the company. The paper concludes with suggestions and measures to reduce the overall carbon footprint of the company in order to have a lower environmental impact.
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Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant modernization action in order to increase the performance and safety of the nuclear facility
Stoklasa, Jakub ; Lisý, Martin (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
During the creation of the bachelor's thesis, the main emphasis was placed on the modernization of the Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant. In order to make the importance of modernization obvious, the thesis also contains a description of the main technologies and the affected technological units. The individual realizations that took place at the facility ensured an increase in the performance of the modernized nuclear blocks and also a higher safety of the nuclear facility. The work also analyzes the current state of the energy sector, the main trends and drivers that are shaping the sector now. The evaluation of the current state of the nuclear energy sector, technologies and possible directions in which nuclear energy can go in the future takes its place in the work.
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Conventional energy sytems in numbers
Mičánek, Jiří ; Paar, Martin (referee) ; Vyčítal, Václav (advisor)
Tato práce hodnotí možné budoucí energetické mixy pro Českou republiku. Uvádí údaje týkající se jednotlivých dostupných energetických zdrojů se zaměřením na výrobu elektřiny. Emise skleníkových plynů a další relevantní parametry jsou váženy a použity k hodnocení různých návrhů pomocí Pughovy matice, která umožňuje objektivně kvantifikovat scénáře. Pro zjištění názorů veřejnosti a ověření, zda se údaje dostupné prostřednictvím výzkumu shodují s jejími názory, je použit průzkum. Metodiky použité k hodnocení scénářů jsou podrobeny kritice a jsou uvedena doporučení, které z nich by měly být vyřazeny a jak zlepšit opakovanou analýzu.
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Ekonomická motivácia k nákupu elektromobilu v krajinách EÚ
Gogová, Patrícia
The diploma thesis examines the relationship between the number of electric vehicles in selected countries and economic incentives supporting the develop-ment of electromobility. Regression analysis is used to examine the relationship, the explained variable in the model is the number of electric cars in a given coun-try, the explanatory variables cover information about the infrastructure of charging stations, incentives, wealth and ecology of countries. The results indicate the impact of value added tax incentives and state contributions on the construc-tion of charging station infrastructure, and there is also a significant impact of the number of charging stations. In the cluster analysis, the formed clusters of states interpreted based on their similarities. The literature review examines the share of transport in greenhouse gas emissions, defines key concepts and principles of electromobility development.
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Fiscal benefits and environmental costs of the corporate tax race to the bottom
Čep, Jiří ; Palanský, Miroslav (advisor) ; Janský, Petr (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to compare the fiscal benefits and environmen- tal costs of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) gained through lowering the corporate tax. We achieve this by utilizing a dataset constructed from multiple sources, primarily World Bank, UN, and UNU WIDER. It encom- passes 223 countries and territories between 1990 and 2020. In the three-step model, we first explain the variation in FDI due to a change in the corpo- rate tax rate, later investigate the effect of the change of FDI on government corporate tax revenue, and finally, we examine the effect of FDI change on CO2 emissions. We then convert those to monetary terms using the social costs of carbon mechanics. The results show that although we have discovered a significant positive fiscal effect of corporate tax cut, we have failed to prove the existence of a causal relationship between FDI change and change in CO2 emissions per capita. Moreover, we did not find evidence of this relationship on any regional or development level. We verified the existence of a positive impact of corporate tax cut on incoming FDI. Keywords Corporate taxation, greenhouse gas emissions, social costs of carbon, for- eign direct investment, tax havens
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Environmental impacts of transport modes
Cepník, Adam ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kolařík, Petr (referee)
Environmental impacts of transport are currently often discussed, especially in relation to the so-called flygskam, which is a trend encouraging voluntary refusal of using air transport because of its environmental impacts. It is the target of this thesis to compare greenhouse gas emissions produced by various means of transport in three model situations from daily life. The model situations are commute to school or work, trip abroad on land and a transoceanic trip. Algorithms used to calculate the emissions in the individual situations are also used to construct an interactive emission calculator in Microsoft Excel environment. Key words: greenhouse gas emissions, personal transport, calculator, flygskam, comparison
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Evaluation of selected cereals in conventional and organic farming - protein content and impact on greenhouse gases emissions
VEBROVÁ, Ivana
Agriculture is, after fossil fuels, the second largest producer of greenhouse gas emissions, which are responsible for global climate change, and it is necessary to look for ways to reduce this environmental load. Cereals are the most cultivated crops in the world, so it is appropriate to examine their share of this load. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate and compare the environmental aspects of the cultivation of selected cereals (wheat, rye and barley) in the conventional and ecological farming system. The resulting environmental load was first calculated on 1 kg of grain, and then the load was recalculated to a load of 1 kg of protein contained in grain of selected cereals. Protein content in grain is one of the grain quality indicators. A simplified LCA method has been used for the environmental load calculations. This method is used for environmental impact assessments and covers the whole life cycle of the product.
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Vývoj emisí skleníkových plynů a znečišťujících látek z veřejné energetiky a výroby tepla v ČR v letech 1990–2012
Rollerová, Miluše ; Mertl, Jan
The impact of public electricity and heat production on the environment in the Czech Republic has significantly declined since 1990. Nevertheless, the public electricity and heat production in the Czech Republic has remained the category with the highest share on the total aggregated greenhouse gas emissions and also have a significant influence on the state of the environment. The positive trend of pressures on the environment from public electricity and heat production during the last 25 years was influenced by investments on the environment, by implementation of new measures aimed at decreasing the level of pollution and by dynamic technological development. On the other hand, there has been no significant decline of the consumption of brown coal for electricity and heat generation; therefore, the current efforts aimed at decreasing carbon intensity of the economy by means of increasing the share of “green” alternatives (especially renewable energy sources) in the energy mix can be seen as ineffective from environmental perspective. Moreover, the Czech Republic has a significantly negative and growing balance of international trade with electricity, which is an exception amongst European countries. In the consequence, the additional burden on the environment is caused by electricity generation.
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